More dissonance than unity

Two political summits dominated the headlines in Latin America at the end of March 2023. Under the Dominican sun on 25 March, the heads of state and government of all Spanish- and Portuguese-speaking countries in Latin America and Europe were invited to the 28th Ibero-American Summit. Perhaps even more significant than the documents adopted, such as the "Plan of Ibero-American Cooperation 2023-2026", the Charter of Digital Rights or documents on environmental protection and food security, however, were the nuances of this summit.  For example, the adoption of a declaration on a new international financial architecture failed mainly due to Cuba's resistance. The Latin American states were also unable to agree on a condemnation of the Russian war of aggression and left it at non-binding calls for "peace" without explicitly mentioning Ukraine. This is hardly surprising, given that Bolivia, El Salvador, Cuba, Nicaragua and Venezuela could not bring themselves to condemn Russia, even within the framework of the United Nations.