This paper examines the impact of the recent war between Israel and Hezbollah in Lebanon, focusing on how the conflict triggered waves of internal displacement and placed immense strain on the country’s public services. Key sectors such as healthcare and education have significantly deteriorated as a result. The war also prompted thousands of Syrian refugees in Lebanon to return to Syria, though this process has been chaotic and lacks support from international frameworks, creating significant uncertainty for returnees. Compounding this uncertainty is the fall of the Syrian regime, which has further destabilized the region. Against this backdrop, Lebanon—already economically and politically weakened—is struggling to manage the refugee burden alone. Nevertheless, recent political shifts in Syria present an opportunity for regional stakeholders, including Lebanon, to address the ongoing migration crisis. The paper underscores the need for a cautious and strategic approach to facilitating the return of Syrian refugees, ensuring their safety, access to economic opportunities, and sustainable integration, while safeguarding Lebanon’s interests. On a broader level, Lebanon must collaborate with international partners and leverage its diaspora to secure the political and economic support necessary for rebuilding the country. At the same time, the full implementation of the ceasefire agreement is critical to addressing internal displacement and fostering long-term recovery.
